feat: add OWL ontology suite, examples, and update YAML schemas

.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,6 @@
 .DS_Store
+.vscode/
+Gemfile.lock
+html_documentation/
+images/*.png
+reference-docs/*.owl

Makefile

@@ -19,16 +19,19 @@ PNG := $(patsubst views/%.lutaml,images/%.png,$(SRC))
 
 all: $(PNG)
 
-images/%.png: views/%.lutaml
-	lutaml -t png -o $@ $<
+images/%.png: views/%.lutaml | images
+	lutaml lml generate -t png -o $@ $<
 
 views/%.lutaml: models/%.wsd | views
 	lutaml-wsd2uml $< > $@
 
 views:
 	mkdir views
 
+images:
+	mkdir images
+
 clean:
-	$(RM) images/*.png
+	-$(RM) images/*.png
 
 .PHONY: clean

ontologies/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# Glossarist Ontology Suite
+
+A comprehensive OWL ontology for the [Glossarist concept model](https://github.com/glossarist/concept-model) implementing ISO 10241-1 terminology management.
+
+## Namespace
+
+| Prefix | IRI | Purpose |
+|--------|-----|---------|
+| `gloss:` | `https://www.glossarist.org/ontologies/` | Glossarist-specific classes and properties |
+| `skos:` | `http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#` | Concept scheme, labels, relationships |
+| `skosxl:` | `http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#` | Reified lexical labels (designations) |
+| `iso-thes:` | `http://purl.org/iso25964/skos-thes#` | Hierarchical relationship subtypes |
+| `dcterms:` | `http://purl.org/dc/terms/` | Language, bibliographic citation |
+| `prov:` | `http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#` | Source provenance |
+
+## File Layout
+
+```
+ontologies/
+├── glossarist.ttl                # Core OWL ontology — classes and properties
+├── glossarist.context.jsonld     # JSON-LD @context for the namespace
+├── README.md                     # This file
+├── reference-docs/               # W3C reference ontology copies
+│   ├── skos.ttl                  # SKOS namespace reference
+│   ├── skos-xl.ttl               # SKOS-XL namespace reference
+│   └── iso-25964-skos-thes.ttl   # ISO 25964 SKOS-Thes reference
+├── taxonomies/                   # SKOS ConceptSchemes for enum values
+│   ├── concept-status.ttl        # Concept lifecycle status
+│   ├── entry-status.ttl          # Localized entry status
+│   ├── normative-status.ttl      # Designation normative status
+│   ├── source-type.ttl           # Source type (authoritative/lineage)
+│   ├── source-status.ttl         # Source status (identical/modified/...)
+│   ├── relationship-type.ttl     # Glossarist-specific relationship types
+│   ├── designation-type.ttl      # Designation types (expression/abbreviation/symbol/...)
+│   ├── term-type.ttl             # ISO 12620 term types (24 values)
+│   ├── grammar-gender.ttl        # Grammatical gender
+│   └── grammar-number.ttl        # Grammatical number
+└── shapes/
+    └── glossarist.shacl.ttl      # SHACL validation shapes
+```
+
+## Design Principles
+
+1. **SKOS alignment** — `gloss:Concept` is a `skos:Concept`. Designations use `skosxl:Label`. Instant interoperability with SKOS tooling.
+
+2. **SKOS-XL for designations** — Each designation is both a `gloss:Designation` subclass and a `skosxl:Label`, with `skosxl:literalForm` carrying the text. Preferred designations are linked via `skosxl:prefLabel`, non-preferred via `skosxl:altLabel`.
+
+3. **ISO 25964 reuse** — Hierarchical relationship subtypes (`broaderGeneric`/`narrowerGeneric`, `broaderPartitive`/`narrowerPartitive`, `broaderInstantial`/`narrowerInstantial`) are reused directly from `iso-thes:` rather than duplicated.
+
+4. **SKOS taxonomies for enums** — All enumeration values are `skos:Concept` individuals in `skos:ConceptScheme` collections, not OWL named individuals.
+
+5. **No blank nodes** — All instances are identifiable with proper IRIs.
+
+## Core Classes
+
+### Concept Management
+
+| Class | Alignment | Maps to (glossarist-ruby) |
+|-------|-----------|--------------------------|
+| `gloss:Concept` | `skos:Concept` | `ManagedConcept` |
+| `gloss:LocalizedConcept` | `skos:Concept` | `LocalizedConcept` |
+| `gloss:ConceptCollection` | `skos:Collection` | `ManagedConceptCollection` |
+
+### Designation Hierarchy (MECE)
+
+```
+gloss:Designation (skosxl:Label)
+├── gloss:Expression
+│   └── gloss:Abbreviation
+└── gloss:Symbol
+    ├── gloss:LetterSymbol
+    └── gloss:GraphicalSymbol
+```
+
+### Supporting Classes
+
+`Pronunciation`, `GrammarInfo`, `DetailedDefinition`, `ConceptSource`, `ConceptReference`, `RelatedConcept`, `ConceptDate`, `NonVerbalRepresentation`, `DesignationRelationship`, `Citation`, `Locality`.
+
+## Relationship Property Mapping
+
+Standard relationships are reused directly:
+
+| Glossarist type | RDF property |
+|----------------|-------------|
+| broader / narrower | `skos:broader` / `skos:narrower` |
+| broader_generic | `iso-thes:broaderGeneric` |
+| broader_partitive | `iso-thes:broaderPartitive` |
+| broader_instantial | `iso-thes:broaderInstantial` |
+| equivalent | `skos:exactMatch` |
+| close_match | `skos:closeMatch` |
+| broad_match | `skos:broadMatch` |
+| see / related | `skos:related` |
+
+Glossarist-specific relationships are defined as `gloss:` properties:
+
+`gloss:deprecates`, `gloss:supersedes`, `gloss:compares`, `gloss:contrasts`, `gloss:sequentiallyRelated`, `gloss:spatiallyRelated`, `gloss:temporallyRelated`, `gloss:hasHomograph`, `gloss:hasFalseFriend`, `gloss:abbreviatedFormFor`, `gloss:shortFormFor`.
+
+## Usage Example
+
+```turtle
+@prefix gloss:    <https://www.glossarist.org/ontologies/> .
+@prefix skos:     <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
+@prefix xl:       <http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#> .
+@prefix iso-thes: <http://purl.org/iso25964/skos-thes#> .
+@prefix dcterms:  <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
+
+<urn:glossarist:concept:103-01-01> a gloss:Concept, skos:Concept ;
+  gloss:identifier "103-01-01" ;
+  gloss:hasStatus gloss:status/valid ;
+  gloss:hasLocalization <urn:glossarist:l10n:103-01-01-eng> .
+
+<urn:glossarist:l10n:103-01-01-eng> a gloss:LocalizedConcept, skos:Concept ;
+  gloss:isLocalizationOf <urn:glossarist:concept:103-01-01> ;
+  dcterms:language "eng" ;
+  skosxl:prefLabel <urn:glossarist:label:103-01-01-eng-pref> ;
+  gloss:hasDefinition [
+    rdf:value "a concept within a defined scope..."@eng
+  ] .
+
+<urn:glossarist:label:103-01-01-eng-pref> a gloss:Expression, iso-thes:PreferredTerm ;
+  xl:literalForm "geometric node"@eng ;
+  gloss:normativeStatus gloss:norm/preferred .
+```
+
+## Validation
+
+SHACL shapes in `shapes/glossarist.shacl.ttl` validate:
+- Concept types and required properties
+- Designation class hierarchy and property constraints
+- Source, citation, and date structure
+
+Use [pySHACL](https://github.com/RDFLib/pySHACL) or [Apache Jena](https://jena.apache.org/) to validate instance data against these shapes.
+
+## License
+
+CC-BY 4.0

ontologies/glossarist.context.jsonld

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+{
+  "@context": {
+    "@version": 1.1,
+
+    "gloss":     "https://www.glossarist.org/ontologies/",
+    "skos":      "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#",
+    "skosxl":    "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#",
+    "iso-thes":  "http://purl.org/iso25964/skos-thes#",
+    "dcterms":   "http://purl.org/dc/terms/",
+    "prov":      "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#",
+    "owl":       "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#",
+    "rdf":       "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#",
+    "rdfs":      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#",
+    "xsd":       "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#",
+    "vann":      "http://purl.org/vocab/vann/",
+
+    "Concept":             "gloss:Concept",
+    "ConceptCollection":   "gloss:ConceptCollection",
+    "LocalizedConcept":    "gloss:LocalizedConcept",
+    "Designation":         "gloss:Designation",
+    "Expression":          "gloss:Expression",
+    "Abbreviation":        "gloss:Abbreviation",
+    "Symbol":              "gloss:Symbol",
+    "LetterSymbol":        "gloss:LetterSymbol",
+    "GraphicalSymbol":     "gloss:GraphicalSymbol",
+    "Pronunciation":       "gloss:Pronunciation",
+    "GrammarInfo":         "gloss:GrammarInfo",
+    "DetailedDefinition":  "gloss:DetailedDefinition",
+    "ConceptSource":       "gloss:ConceptSource",
+    "ConceptReference":    "gloss:ConceptReference",
+    "RelatedConcept":      "gloss:RelatedConcept",
+    "ConceptDate":         "gloss:ConceptDate",
+    "NonVerbalRepresentation": "gloss:NonVerbalRepresentation",
+    "DesignationRelationship": "gloss:DesignationRelationship",
+    "Citation":            "gloss:Citation",
+    "Locality":            "gloss:Locality",
+
+    "identifier":          { "@id": "gloss:identifier",    "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "hasLocalization":     { "@id": "gloss:hasLocalization", "@type": "@id" },
+    "isLocalizationOf":    { "@id": "gloss:isLocalizationOf", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasStatus":           { "@id": "gloss:hasStatus",     "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasDomain":           { "@id": "gloss:hasDomain",     "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasRelatedConcept":   { "@id": "gloss:hasRelatedConcept", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasDate":             { "@id": "gloss:hasDate",       "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasSource":           { "@id": "gloss:hasSource",     "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "hasEntryStatus":      { "@id": "gloss:hasEntryStatus", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasDesignation":      { "@id": "gloss:hasDesignation", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasDefinition":       { "@id": "gloss:hasDefinition", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasNote":             { "@id": "gloss:hasNote",       "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasExample":          { "@id": "gloss:hasExample",    "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasNonVerbalRep":     { "@id": "gloss:hasNonVerbalRep", "@type": "@id" },
+    "domain":              { "@id": "gloss:domain",        "@type": "xsd:anyURI" },
+    "release":             { "@id": "gloss:release",       "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "lineageSimilarity":   { "@id": "gloss:lineageSimilarity", "@type": "xsd:integer" },
+
+    "normativeStatus":     { "@id": "gloss:normativeStatus", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasPronunciation":    { "@id": "gloss:hasPronunciation", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasTermType":         { "@id": "gloss:hasTermType",   "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasDesignationRel":   { "@id": "gloss:hasDesignationRel", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasGrammarInfo":      { "@id": "gloss:hasGrammarInfo", "@type": "@id" },
+    "geographicalArea":    { "@id": "gloss:geographicalArea", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "isInternational":     { "@id": "gloss:isInternational", "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isAbsent":            { "@id": "gloss:isAbsent",      "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+
+    "prefix":              { "@id": "gloss:prefix",        "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "usageInfo":           { "@id": "gloss:usageInfo",     "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "fieldOfApplication":  { "@id": "gloss:fieldOfApplication", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "isAcronym":           { "@id": "gloss:isAcronym",     "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isInitialism":        { "@id": "gloss:isInitialism",  "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isTruncation":        { "@id": "gloss:isTruncation",  "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+
+    "text":                { "@id": "gloss:text",          "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "image":               { "@id": "gloss:image",         "@type": "xsd:anyURI" },
+
+    "pronunciationContent":   { "@id": "gloss:pronunciationContent",  "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "pronunciationLanguage":  { "@id": "gloss:pronunciationLanguage", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "pronunciationScript":    { "@id": "gloss:pronunciationScript",   "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "pronunciationCountry":   { "@id": "gloss:pronunciationCountry",  "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "pronunciationSystem":    { "@id": "gloss:pronunciationSystem",   "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "relationshipType":    { "@id": "gloss:relationshipType", "@type": "@id" },
+    "relationshipContent": { "@id": "gloss:relationshipContent", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "relationshipRef":     { "@id": "gloss:relationshipRef", "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "refType":             { "@id": "gloss:refType",       "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "conceptId":           { "@id": "gloss:conceptId",     "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "sourceUri":           { "@id": "gloss:sourceUri",     "@type": "xsd:anyURI" },
+    "urn":                 { "@id": "gloss:urn",           "@type": "xsd:anyURI" },
+
+    "sourceType":          { "@id": "gloss:sourceType",    "@type": "@id" },
+    "sourceStatus":        { "@id": "gloss:sourceStatus",  "@type": "@id" },
+    "sourceOrigin":        { "@id": "gloss:sourceOrigin",  "@type": "@id" },
+    "modification":        { "@id": "gloss:modification",  "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "citationText":        { "@id": "gloss:citationText",  "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "citationSource":      { "@id": "gloss:citationSource", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "citationId":          { "@id": "gloss:citationId",    "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "citationVersion":     { "@id": "gloss:citationVersion", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "citationLink":        { "@id": "gloss:citationLink",  "@type": "xsd:anyURI" },
+    "hasLocality":         { "@id": "gloss:hasLocality",   "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "dateValue":           { "@id": "gloss:dateValue",     "@type": "xsd:dateTime" },
+    "dateType":            { "@id": "gloss:dateType",      "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "representationType":  { "@id": "gloss:representationType", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "representationRef":   { "@id": "gloss:representationRef", "@type": "xsd:anyURI" },
+    "representationText":  { "@id": "gloss:representationText", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "designationRelType":   { "@id": "gloss:designationRelType", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "designationRelTarget": { "@id": "gloss:designationRelTarget", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "localityType":        { "@id": "gloss:localityType",  "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "referenceFrom":       { "@id": "gloss:referenceFrom", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "referenceTo":         { "@id": "gloss:referenceTo",   "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "gender":              { "@id": "gloss:gender",        "@type": "@id" },
+    "number":              { "@id": "gloss:number",        "@type": "@id" },
+    "isNoun":              { "@id": "gloss:isNoun",        "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isVerb":              { "@id": "gloss:isVerb",        "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isAdjective":         { "@id": "gloss:isAdjective",   "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isAdverb":            { "@id": "gloss:isAdverb",      "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isPreposition":       { "@id": "gloss:isPreposition", "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+    "isParticiple":        { "@id": "gloss:isParticiple",  "@type": "xsd:boolean" },
+
+    "script":              { "@id": "gloss:script",        "@type": "xsd:string" },
+    "conversionSystem":    { "@id": "gloss:conversionSystem", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "deprecates":          { "@id": "gloss:deprecates",    "@type": "@id" },
+    "deprecatedBy":        { "@id": "gloss:deprecatedBy",  "@type": "@id" },
+    "supersedes":          { "@id": "gloss:supersedes",    "@type": "@id" },
+    "supersededBy":        { "@id": "gloss:supersededBy",  "@type": "@id" },
+    "compares":            { "@id": "gloss:compares",      "@type": "@id" },
+    "contrasts":           { "@id": "gloss:contrasts",     "@type": "@id" },
+    "sequentiallyRelated": { "@id": "gloss:sequentiallyRelated", "@type": "@id" },
+    "spatiallyRelated":    { "@id": "gloss:spatiallyRelated", "@type": "@id" },
+    "temporallyRelated":   { "@id": "gloss:temporallyRelated", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasHomograph":        { "@id": "gloss:hasHomograph",  "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasFalseFriend":      { "@id": "gloss:hasFalseFriend", "@type": "@id" },
+    "abbreviatedFormFor":  { "@id": "gloss:abbreviatedFormFor", "@type": "@id" },
+    "shortFormFor":        { "@id": "gloss:shortFormFor",  "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "prefLabel":           "skos:prefLabel",
+    "altLabel":            "skos:altLabel",
+    "hiddenLabel":         "skos:hiddenLabel",
+    "definition":          "skos:definition",
+    "scopeNote":           "skos:scopeNote",
+    "note":                "skos:note",
+    "example":             "skos:example",
+    "notation":            "skos:notation",
+    "inScheme":            { "@id": "skos:inScheme", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hasTopConcept":       { "@id": "skos:hasTopConcept", "@type": "@id" },
+    "broader":             { "@id": "skos:broader", "@type": "@id" },
+    "narrower":            { "@id": "skos:narrower", "@type": "@id" },
+    "related":             { "@id": "skos:related", "@type": "@id" },
+    "exactMatch":          { "@id": "skos:exactMatch", "@type": "@id" },
+    "closeMatch":          { "@id": "skos:closeMatch", "@type": "@id" },
+    "broadMatch":          { "@id": "skos:broadMatch", "@type": "@id" },
+    "narrowMatch":         { "@id": "skos:narrowMatch", "@type": "@id" },
+    "relatedMatch":        { "@id": "skos:relatedMatch", "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "literalForm":         "skosxl:literalForm",
+    "labelRelation":       "skosxl:labelRelation",
+
+    "broaderGeneric":      { "@id": "iso-thes:broaderGeneric", "@type": "@id" },
+    "narrowerGeneric":     { "@id": "iso-thes:narrowerGeneric", "@type": "@id" },
+    "broaderPartitive":    { "@id": "iso-thes:broaderPartitive", "@type": "@id" },
+    "narrowerPartitive":   { "@id": "iso-thes:narrowerPartitive", "@type": "@id" },
+    "broaderInstantial":   { "@id": "iso-thes:broaderInstantial", "@type": "@id" },
+    "narrowerInstantial":  { "@id": "iso-thes:narrowerInstantial", "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "language":            { "@id": "dcterms:language", "@type": "@id" },
+    "bibliographicCitation": { "@id": "dcterms:bibliographicCitation", "@type": "xsd:string" },
+
+    "wasDerivedFrom":      { "@id": "prov:wasDerivedFrom", "@type": "@id" },
+    "hadDerivation":       { "@id": "prov:hadDerivation", "@type": "@id" },
+    "qualifiedDerivation": { "@id": "prov:qualifiedDerivation", "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "label":               "rdfs:label",
+    "comment":             "rdfs:comment",
+    "seeAlso":             { "@id": "rdfs:seeAlso", "@type": "@id" },
+    "subClassOf":          { "@id": "rdfs:subClassOf", "@type": "@id" },
+
+    "type":                { "@id": "@type", "@container": "@set" },
+    "id":                  "@id",
+    "value":               "rdf:value"
+  }
+}