feat(core/vm): implement EIP-7823 - Set upper bounds for MODEXP #31818 #32363

[gzliudan]

Proposed changes

https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7823

Ref:

• core/vm: implement EIP 7823 - Set upper bounds for MODEXP ethereum/go-ethereum#31818
• core/vm: modexp fix for 7823 ethereum/go-ethereum#32363

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• test: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests

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Checklist

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• This PR has sufficient test coverage (unit/integration test) OR I have provided reason in the PR description for not having test coverage
• Tested on a private network from the genesis block and monitored the chain operating correctly for multiple epochs.
• Provide an end-to-end test plan in the PR description on how to manually test it on the devnet/testnet.
• Tested the backwards compatibility.
• Tested with XDC nodes running this version co-exist with those running the previous version.
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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Implements the EIP-7823 changes for the modexp (big modular exponentiation) precompile by introducing an Osaka fork precompile set and enforcing an input-size cap when Osaka rules are active.

Changes:

• Adds an Osaka precompile set (PrecompiledContractsOsaka) and selects it when rules.IsOsaka is active.
• Extends the bigModExp precompile with an eip7823 toggle and enforces a 1024-byte cap on base/exponent/modulus lengths in Run.
• Updates existing precompile sets to include the new eip7823 field in bigModExp literals.

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