diff --git a/src/io/async_io/async_io.h b/src/io/async_io/async_io.h
index 90c5f8496a..7c67a2c9b0 100644
--- a/src/io/async_io/async_io.h
+++ b/src/io/async_io/async_io.h
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class AsyncIO : public BasicIO<AsyncIO> {
     /**
      * @brief Destructor that closes file descriptors and optionally removes the file.
      */
-    ~AsyncIO() override;
+    ~AsyncIO();
 
 public:
     /**
diff --git a/src/io/buffer_io/buffer_io.h b/src/io/buffer_io/buffer_io.h
index f2626e63bf..5db824e3db 100644
--- a/src/io/buffer_io/buffer_io.h
+++ b/src/io/buffer_io/buffer_io.h
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class BufferIO : public BasicIO<BufferIO> {
      *
      * If exist_file_ is false (file was newly created), the file is removed.
      */
-    ~BufferIO() override {
+    ~BufferIO() {
         close(this->fd_);
         // remove file
         if (not this->exist_file_) {
diff --git a/src/io/common/basic_io.h b/src/io/common/basic_io.h
index b16f25be61..1d040f587a 100644
--- a/src/io/common/basic_io.h
+++ b/src/io/common/basic_io.h
@@ -53,11 +53,6 @@ class BasicIO {
      */
     explicit BasicIO<IOTmpl>(Allocator* allocator) : allocator_(allocator){};
 
-    /**
-     * @brief Virtual destructor to ensure proper cleanup in derived classes.
-     */
-    virtual ~BasicIO() = default;
-
     /**
      * @brief Writes data to the IO object at a specified offset.
      *
@@ -262,6 +257,19 @@ class BasicIO {
     uint64_t start_{0};
 
 protected:
+    /**
+     * @brief Protected non-virtual destructor.
+     *
+     * BasicIO uses CRTP for static polymorphism, so dynamic dispatch is never needed.
+     * The destructor is non-virtual to avoid introducing a vptr.
+     *
+     * The destructor is protected (not public) to prevent deletion through a raw
+     * BasicIO pointer at compile time. Note that std::shared_ptr<BasicIO<IOTmpl>>
+     * (used in some datacells) remains safe because the deleter is bound to the
+     * concrete IOTmpl type at construction time (e.g. via std::make_shared<IOTmpl>).
+     */
+    ~BasicIO() = default;
+
     /**
      * @brief Checks if the given offset is valid.
      *
diff --git a/src/io/memory_block_io/memory_block_io.h b/src/io/memory_block_io/memory_block_io.h
index 87b1e11ccf..280d4c8d25 100644
--- a/src/io/memory_block_io/memory_block_io.h
+++ b/src/io/memory_block_io/memory_block_io.h
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class MemoryBlockIO : public BasicIO<MemoryBlockIO> {
     /**
      * @brief Destructor that deallocates all memory blocks.
      */
-    ~MemoryBlockIO() override;
+    ~MemoryBlockIO();
 
     /**
      * @brief Writes data to the blocks at a specified offset.
diff --git a/src/io/memory_io/memory_io.h b/src/io/memory_io/memory_io.h
index 0ed167f4d4..ecdc4395f7 100644
--- a/src/io/memory_io/memory_io.h
+++ b/src/io/memory_io/memory_io.h
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class MemoryIO : public BasicIO<MemoryIO> {
     /**
      * @brief Destructor that deallocates the memory buffer.
      */
-    ~MemoryIO() override {
+    ~MemoryIO() {
         this->allocator_->Deallocate(buffer_);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/io/mmap_io/mmap_io.h b/src/io/mmap_io/mmap_io.h
index 3147aa5152..814610b957 100644
--- a/src/io/mmap_io/mmap_io.h
+++ b/src/io/mmap_io/mmap_io.h
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class MMapIO : public BasicIO<MMapIO> {
     /**
      * @brief Destructor that unmaps memory and closes file; optionally removes file.
      */
-    ~MMapIO() override;
+    ~MMapIO();
 
     /**
      * @brief Writes data to the mapped memory at a specified offset.
diff --git a/src/io/noncontinuous_io/noncontinuous_io.h b/src/io/noncontinuous_io/noncontinuous_io.h
index 1e1fbbbe8f..9775f2f5b4 100644
--- a/src/io/noncontinuous_io/noncontinuous_io.h
+++ b/src/io/noncontinuous_io/noncontinuous_io.h
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class NonContinuousIO : public BasicIO<NonContinuousIO<IOTmpl>> {
     /**
      * @brief Default destructor.
      */
-    ~NonContinuousIO() override = default;
+    ~NonContinuousIO() = default;
 
     /**
      * @brief Writes data to non-continuous regions at a specified logical offset.
diff --git a/src/io/reader_io/reader_io.h b/src/io/reader_io/reader_io.h
index 51cdba885a..212e38fb0c 100644
--- a/src/io/reader_io/reader_io.h
+++ b/src/io/reader_io/reader_io.h
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class ReaderIO : public BasicIO<ReaderIO> {
     /**
      * @brief Default destructor.
      */
-    ~ReaderIO() override = default;
+    ~ReaderIO() = default;
 
     /**
      * @brief Writes data to the IO object (no-op for read-only IO).